Server: Microsoft-IIS/3.0 Date: Fri, 21 Nov 1997 00:01:41 GMT Content-Type: text/html Accept-Ranges: bytes Last-Modified: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 16:11:16 GMT Content-Length: 24795 Glossary

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Glossary


All industries have specialized terms that help define their products, practices and processes. By scrolling through our definitions, one can learn much about the forest products industry.


Basis weight   For linerboard and corrugating medium, the weight of the paper per 1,000 sq. ft. For fine paper, the weight, in pounds, of a ream (500 sheets) cut to its basic size, e.g., 25" x 38".
Best management practices A series of forest practices thought to be the best possible for a specific region and forest type.

Biodegradable

Something that breaks down to its component parts in the environment. Few items are actually biodegradable with current landfill practices, so biodegradability is a less important product claim than recyclability. Recycling captures a used item before it gets to the landfill.

Biomass boiler

Biomass boilers burn bark, sander dust and other wood-related scrap not usable in product production. Also called "hogged fuel" boilers, biomass boilers make steam and heat for mill use.
Board foot A unit of lumber measurement equal to one foot square by one inch thick.
Business forms Fan-fold or roll forms for computer printers.

Calender

To make the surface of paper smooth by pressing it between steel rollers during manufacture.
Cardboard A thin, stiff paperboard made of pressed paper pulp or sheets of paper pasted together. Used for playing cards, greeting cards, etc. Corrugated containers are not made of cardboard.
Chipboard A paperboard, thicker than cardboard, used for backing sheets on padded writing paper, partitions within boxes, shoeboxes, etc.

Closed-loop system

When a used product is recycled into a similar product: used boxes become linerboard for making more boxes. This system helps to assure that the characteristics of the paper are maintained so that it can be recycled repeatedly.
Cogeneration The process of burning fuel to produce electricity and usable steam.
Corrugated
containers
Containers made with corrugating medium and linerboard.

Corrugating medium

The wavy center of the wall of a corrugated box which cushions the product from shock during shipment (see flute). This layer can contain up to 100% post-consumer recycled fiber content without reducing its ability to protect the product.

Corrugating medium attatched to linerboard

Cut sheets Fine paper cut to letter or legal size for use in printers, copiers and fax machines.
Engineered wood products A composite wood product using glued fiber, lumber and/or veneer to meet specific design criteria.
Fine paper Paper used in making copy paper, computer forms, tablets, envelopes, printing paper, etc.
Free sheet paper Paper made from cooked wood fibers mixed with chemicals and washed free of impurities. As compared to groundwood paper.
Flute
One of the wave shapes pressed into corrugated medium. These are categorized by the size of the wave. Various flute sizes
Furnish The fibrous materials from which paper is made.
Glue laminated
beams
Beams made of lumber glued together. Replacements for solid wood timbers and steel beams.
"Heritage lands" Lands acquired by Willamette before 1996.
Groundwood paper Newsprint and other inexpensive paper made from pulp created when wood chips are ground mechanically rather than refined chemically. Willamette does not make this type of paper.

"Highgrading"

An undesirable timber harvest practice that "takes the best and leaves the rest."

High-performance
linerboard

Papers with the same strength as regular paper grades but produced at a lower weight. This process gives more compression strength per pound of fiber than conventional liner, thus reducing total fiber use.

Hogged fuel boiler

See Biomass boilers.
I-joists Wooden members made of two pieces of LVL held together with a web of OSB. Substituted for wide dimensional lumber as a support for a ceiling or floor.
Integrated
manufacturer
An integrated forest products company grows its own trees, makes products from them, makes other products from fiber leftovers from the initial manufacturing, then converts and adds value to all these products.

Linerboard

The inner and outer layers of paper that form the wall of a corrugated container.
LVL-Laminated
veneer lumber
Large sheets of veneer bonded together with resin, then cut to lumber-equivalent sizes.
mbf Thousand board feet.
mmbf Million board feet.
MDF-Medium
density fiberboard
A composite board, made of wood fibers, that has a smooth surface and good interior machinability. Used for furniture, cabinets, mouldings and picture frames.
m thousand, or mm One million; often used on charts and graphs.

MSR

Machine stress rated.
Market pulp White pulp from hardwood trees that is dried into thick blotter-like sheets and baled for shipment to a paper mill for repulping to make paper products.

Multi-ply process

In the early 1980s, Willamette developed a multi-ply papermaking process at the Albany, Oregon, paper mill. This process, known in the industry today as the Albany Technology, places the longer, virgin fibers in the top layer of the sheet; channels recycled fiber to the center; and forms the bottom layer from modified recycled fiber and pre-consumer fiber.

Multi-ply layers, magnified

OCC - Old corrugated containers Brown boxes that have been used for their intended purpose, then collected for recycling.
OSB - Oriented
strand board
Structural panels made of narrow strands of fiber that are oriented lengthwise and crosswise in layers and bound together with resin.
Post-consumer waste Articles that have been used for their intended purpose and are ready to be discarded, such as boxes after they have been used to ship a product to its final destination. OCC is one type of post-consumer waste.

Pre-consumer waste

Leftover scrap generated in the paper and box manufacturing processes. Pre-consumer waste is "clean" waste that has been recycled by paper mills for decades.
Preprinted linerboard Linerboard that is printed before being sent to a box plant for manufacture into a corrugated container. Boxes previously were only post-printed, or printed at the box plant after the wall of the container was formed. Preprinting allows great variety in design and color choices.
Recovered paper Paper, used for its intended purpose, that is recovered from the waste stream for recycling.

 Recyclable paper

Paper capable of being recycled. Almost all paper is recyclable if sorted by paper type and if contaminants (such as plastic and food products) are removed. "Recylable" symbol

Recycled paper

There is no uniform definition. Willamette's recycled packaging paper contains an average 59% post-consumer waste. Papers made by other manufacturers may contain various percentages of pre- and/or post- consumer waste, which may include materials (such as sawdust) that are viewed as solid waste. "Recycled" symbol

Residual fiber

Leftover wood fiber from sawmills and plywood plants, and pulpwood derived from timber management activities. By using residual fibers to produce paper, particleboard and medium density fiberboard, Willamette is able to fully utilize its resources.
Resource integration Moving wood-based products to customers in several internalized, value-added steps.
Structural panel Panels such as plywood and OSB that are used in applications where strength and stiffness are required, e.g., roofs, walls, floors, etc.
Sustained harvest A level of harvest that does not exceed growth, so that at least as much is available for harvest in 50 years as today.
Thinning A practice in which certain trees are removed from a dense stand to allow the remaining trees adequate sunlight, nutrients and moisture to grow at an even rate.
TPD Tons per day.
Urban wood
Used pallets, wooden shipping crates and clean construction wood diverted from the waste stream and chipped for use in making particleboard and MDF. Urban wood
Vertical integration In the forest products industry, a vertically integrated company grows its own trees, makes products from them, then makes other products from fiber leftovers from the initial manufacturing operation, then converts and adds value to all these products.

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